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Meng Huo You ()() is the name given to petroleum in ancient China, which practiced the use of petroleum as an incendiary weapon in warfare. ==Historical records of petroleum== During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chinese historian Ban Gu recorded in the geography section of his Book of Han that a flammable liquid substance are found in the Gao Nu County, located in the northeast portion of present-day Shaanxi Province. This "flammable liquid" was likely petroleum that had seeped through the ground and was floating above the local waters. Four hundred years later, during the late stages of Southern and Northern Dynasties, historian Fan Ye cited in the Book of Later Han that the collection and exploitation of petroleum had been around for some time: This "rock paint" is likely petroleum. There are similar records from the Jin and Northern Wei dynasties as well. The earliest mention of "rock oil" (石油), the Chinese name for petroleum, is by a book "Grand Peace Records" from the Northern Song Dynasty, and officially designated the current name by Song Dynasty scientist Shen Kuo using the description found in his famous book ''Dream Pool Essays''. Due to the chemical characteristics of petroleum that it continues to burn in water, it was widely used by feudal militaries. Some examples include the defense of the city of Jiuquan in Gansu Province in the year 578 against the invading Göktürk army, in which the defenders used petroleum to ignite and destroy the siege engines brought in by the invaders. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Meng Huo You」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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